The European Union (EU) provides assistance through pre-accession funds to countries in the process of preparing for EU membership, with the aim of supporting political, institutional, social and economic reforms required for accession and helping these countries align with EU standards. Initially delivered through various Union programs and financial instruments, these funds were consolidated in 2007 under a single instrument and legal framework known as the Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance (IPA). Since then, IPA has become the principal financial and technical assistance instrument used to support candidate and potential candidate countries in achieving compliance with EU standards.
The priority sectors to be supported primarily include democracy and governance; rule of law and fundamental rights; environment and climate action; transport; energy; competitiveness and innovation; education, employment and social policies; agriculture and rural development; as well as regional and cross-border cooperation.
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